commodity

انخفضت الفضة بنسبة 30-35% في أيام بعد ارتفاع بارابوليكي إلى أعلى مستويات قياسية. أدى جني الأرباح الثقيل وزيادة توتر السوق إلى الضغط على المعادن الثمينة.
⚠️ ما الذي أدى إلى الانخفاض
ضغط ماكرو ودولار أمريكي أقوى
التقلبات حول ميزانية الاتحاد الهندي
هامش أعلى يجبر الخروج بالرافعة المالية
📊 صندوق الاستثمار المتداول مقابل صدمة السعر ارتفعت صناديق الاستثمار المتداولة للفضة بنسبة +37% في يناير، مما يظهر تدفقات مضاربة شديدة - تلتها عملية بيع قاسية. التقلبات في أقصى حد.
📉 تأثير تسرب الأسهم المرتبطة بالفضة تتعرض للنزيف. انخفضت Hindustan Zinc بحوالي 10%، مما يظهر توتر السوق الأوسع.

Money is defined in its most basic sense as everything that is generally accepted in the exchange of goods and services and the payment of debts. However, this definition does not fully meet the functions of money in the modern economic system. Because today, in addition to being a means of shopping, money also has functions such as changing economic activities, redistributing income and gaining influence. In order to understand these functions of money in the modern era, it is of great importance to first know the basic functions of money, the need for which it emerged, the characteristics of the material that is considered money and accepted, and the types of money. In this article, I will examine the adventure of money over 3000 years.
At the beginning of economic relations, people used the direct barter method. However, the biggest problem in the barter system was the principle of two-way need. For example, if you have wheat and need shoes, you had to find a shoemaker who wanted your wheat. This problem caused economic transactions to become inefficient.
Therefore, over time, people began to determine a single fixed unit and use them as a means of exchange. In the early periods, this unit was an object that we now call commodity money. Various objects such as gold, silver, salt, and even seashells served as money in different societies. Of course, the objects that were decided to be used as money had certain characteristics.
Characteristics of commodity money:
Durability: Money should not physically deteriorate, tear, or rot.
Portability: Individuals should be able to carry money easily.
Divisibility: Money should be able to be divided into smaller units in order to adapt to the various prices of goods and services.
Standardity: Each unit should be equivalent to other units.
Restricted Supply: Money should not be easily obtained, its supply should be controlled. Otherwise, its value will decrease rapidly.
General Acceptance: It should be widely and voluntarily accepted by society.
In short, the needs of the period made the invention of money necessary and assigned certain functions to money. The first of these is that it is a medium of exchange. In other words, money acts as an intermediary in the exchange of goods and services, thus eliminating the inefficiencies of the barter system. The second function is that it is a unit of account. It is the standard unit used to measure and compare economic values. Prices, debts, income and expenses are expressed in money. Its third function is that it is a store of value. In other words, it allows savings by preserving purchasing power over time. However, this function can be negatively affected by factors such as inflation.
So can only the commodity-money system meet all the functions of money? Of course not. With the strengthening of states, paper money (representative money) came into circulation as a representation of precious metals. In this system, each banknote in circulation was kept at the Central Bank in exchange for a certain amount of precious metal. For example, a fixed exchange rate such as 1 dollar = 1/20 ounce of gold was applied. In other words, paper money was actually like a gold certificate. People could go to the central bank and pay the equivalent amount and buy gold whenever they wanted.
The money used today is not representative, but fiat money (reputation money). In other words, no state is obliged to keep gold or any other precious metal in its treasury in exchange for the money it prints. What makes money valuable is that the state declares this value. The state says, "This money is worth $100 and is legally valid." In the end, money has value with the state's coercive power (legal tender) and social acceptance. The purpose of social acceptance is that people believe that they can shop with this money and that it will be valid when given to someone else. Because money is a kind of contract, a collective agreement where everyone says, "this is valid." Although many lives have ended in the pursuit of money, the adventure of money is not over. Digital currencies and cryptocurrencies are still very young. It is likely that these currencies will be the medium of exchange that humanity will mostly benefit from in the future.
#dollar #money #economy #Commodity

CoinDesk | Crypto Long & Short

Whether measured in exahash per second or in gigawatts, compute has become the essential commodity of the 21st century. Just as crude oil powered the industrial age, compute now powers the digital age. I believe that savvy investors who recognize this stand to benefit the most.
Global capital has been flooding into artificial intelligence #AI and data centers. In June, U.S. construction spending on data centers hit an all-time high of $40 billion, up 30% from the same month last year, according to #BankOfAmerica .
Governments aren’t sitting idly by. Washington recently took an $8.9 billion equity stake in #Intel , the UK has pledged billions toward supercomputers and defense budgets around the globe are surging with an emphasis on AI-enabled systems — from drones to satellites.
Compute is now a strategic asset, and nations are stockpiling it the way they do barrels of oil and gold.

Sustainable bitcoin #Mining at global scale
Nowhere is this more obvious, perhaps, than in Bitcoin. The world’s most secure, decentralized network is built entirely on raw compute power. Bitcoin miners convert energy into digital scarcity, producing the blocks that support a $2 trillion asset class.
We’ve seen firsthand how compute fuels growth. Last month, we surpassed 20 exahash per second of global mining capacity, making us responsible for about 2% of the Bitcoin network. That translates into roughly nine new bitcoins mined every day, at an efficiency of 18 joules per terahash.
I believe today’s investors want more than just returns: they want sustainable returns. That’s why green energy — powered by low cost, renewable hydroelectric energy across multiple continents  —  is central to a successful bitcoin mining strategy.  As Bitcoin continues to enjoy adoption, institutional investors should think of the asset as part of a broader allocation to digital infrastructure, alongside semiconductors, data centers and AI platforms.

Compute emerging as the defining #Commodity of the century
It’s clear to me that compute is becoming its own asset class. In a recent survey, 95% of major investors told CBRE they plan to increase their exposure to data centers investments this year.
In the 20th century, investors who understood energy shaped industries and built massive fortunes. This century, the commodity that matters most is compute, whether you’re mining bitcoin or training AI models.
It is the foundation of the digital age and the resource that will define this century. By pairing it with sustainable energy,  the potential  long-term value for investors is limitless.

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$BTC

في سبتمبر 2024، حدد نموذج القيمة العادلة لشركة InvestingPro شركة Zeta Global Holdings Corp. (NYSE:ZETA) كمبالغ فيها بشكل كبير بسعر $29.51 للسهم. بعد 14 شهرًا، يتم تداول السهم الآن بسعر $18.55، مما يمثل انخفاضًا بنسبة 37% يؤكد تحليل النموذج. هذه الحالة تمثل كيف يساعد تحليل القيمة العادلة المستثمرين في تحديد المبالغة في التسعير، وفهم القيمة الجوهرية، والعثور على نقاط دخول وخروج أفضل، واتخاذ قرارات أكثر اطلاعًا. بينما تصحح ZETA بالفعل، يمكن للمستثمرين اكتشاف أكثر الفرص الواعدة اليوم على قائمة المبالغ فيها بشكل كبير، حيث تواصل نماذج InvestingPro تحديد الأسهم التي تتداول فوق قيمتها العادلة.