#PowellRemarks Here are the key takeaways from Chair Powell’s remarks during the Fed’s June 18, 2025 press conference and interest rate decision:

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🏦 Policy Decision & Outlook

The Federal Reserve left its federal funds rate unchanged at 4.25%–4.50%, marking the fourth consecutive pause .

The Fed expects two rate cuts by late 2025, although that projection carries “foggy” uncertainty .

Data Dependence & Economic Conditions

Powell stressed that current data is sufficient to guide policy, but warned that budget cuts to data collection could hinder economic monitoring .

Inflation remains above target: headline PCE around 2.3%, core PCE 2.6%, while the median projection for all 2025 is around **3.0%** .

The labor market is strong: unemployment at 4.2%, wage growth easing, with modest job gains (~135k/month) .

Risks Weighed: Tariffs & Geopolitics

Powell highlighted the uncertain and inflationary risks from U.S. tariffs, noting that price impacts may lag—and could last .

He also flagged geopolitical volatility, pointing to the Middle East tensions and energy price pressures .

Hawkish Tone & Political Tensions

His tone was described as “hawkish”, prioritizing caution and data, even as markets expected easing .

Powell defended the Fed’s independence amid criticism—particularly from former President Trump, who labeled him “stupid” for not cutting rates .

Summary in Plain Terms

Topic What It Means

Neutral stance No rate changes for now—Fed wants more clarity.

Conditional cuts Rate cuts may come, but only if inflation eases.

Data is crucial Powell underscored the importance of reliable economic statistics.

Policy independence The Fed is pushing back against political pressure to cut rates prematurely.

Risks ahead Tariffs and geopolitical tensions remain key inflation risks.

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Would you like a deeper dive into the dot‑plot projections, how markets reacted, or full excerpts from Powell’s opening statement?